Scheduling Tree Maintenance

Waiting for your mature trees to become damaged or to damage other person's property probably isn't the best time to design a maintenance plan. Scheduling tree maintenance for mature trees is crucial, before there is damage.

So what types of maintenance items should be on your tree schedule? Below are items used by public agencies for their trees, which could easily be put on a private individuals tree maintenance schedule as well.

1. Crown cleaning - Remove dead, dying, diseased, crowded, weakly attached, and low vigor branches and watersprouts from the tree crown.

2. Crown thinning - Remove branches to increase light penetration and air movement into the crown. Greater light and air movement stimulates and maintains interior foliage, which improves branch taper and strength. Thinning reduces the wind-sail effect of the crown and the weight of heavy limbs. Thinning the crown can emphasize the structural beauty of the trunk and branches, as well as improve the growth of plants beneath the tree by increasing the light penetration.

When thinning the crown of mature trees, no more than one-quarter of the foliage should be removed. At least one-half of the remaining foliage should grow from branches that originate in the lower two-thirds of the tree.


3. Crown reduction - This is also known as drop-crotching and it decreases the height and spread of a tree. Thinning cuts will maintain the structural integrity and natural form of a tree, and delay the time when it will need to be pruned again. To make this type of cut, prune the branch back to its point of attachment or to a lateral that is at least one-half the diameter of the cut being made.



4. Crown restoration- This type of pruning improves the structure and appearance of trees that have been topped or severely pruned using heading cuts. Select one to three main branch stubs that will grow to reform a more natural looking crown. Thinning or even heading may be required to match the weight of the new branches with the strength of their attachment. Restoration may require several prunings over a number of years.



5. Crown raising - This type of pruning is important if your trees are in urban areas as it provides clearance for buildings, vehicles, pedestrians, and vistas by removing lower branches. It is important to maintain at least one-half of the tree's foliage on branches that originate in the lower two-thirds of the crown. This ensures a well-formed, tapered structure and uniformly distributed stress. When pruning for view, it's better to open "windows" through the foliage of the tree, rather than severely raising or reducing the crown.

6. Insect and Disease Control. Trees under stress are much more susceptible to attack by harmful insects and diseases and are more likely to exhibit symptoms of the adverse environment. Examine trees on a regular basis-whether or not a significant problem currently exists. These examinations help identify problems sooner, by providing a history of the plants that serves as a point of comparison when a serious problem develops.
Several types of local authorities are available for technical assistance. For free advice call on the county cooperative extension service, agricultural commissioners office and municipal parks or forestry offices. Information is also available for a nominal fee from local retail nurseries, tree services, pest control contractors or arboricultural and horticultural consultants.


7. Fertilization and Aeration - The physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the soil may need to be managed just as elements of the trees' above-ground environment are managed. Trees need adequate amounts of nutrients, water and air in the soil. Without these elements trees will grow with less vigor and will be more susceptible to secondary problems, such as attack from insects and diseases. Properly nourished trees will be more able to withstand the attack of insects and diseases and tolerate the adverse growing environment afforded by most urban situations.


Andrew Johnson is the owner of Central Texas Tree Care, a leading tree service provider in Central Texas (Travis County and surrounding areas) offering services such as pruning and removals, cabling and bracing as well as arborist reports, diagnostics, pest management, fertilization and Austin tree service trusts. For more information please visit http://www.centraltexastreecare.com.